Tropical peat swamp forests form on permanently waterlogged organic matter that accumulates as ombrogenous peat to a layer of up to 20 m thick page et al. Secondary peat swamp forest psf arise by degradation of primary psf as a result of fire and human activities. It is assumed that land preparation during the conversion of peat forest would have removed all existing aboveground biomass stocks through logging andor burning. The methodology is applicable only for avoiding complete conversion of peat swamp forests to another known land use. Water draining from the peat swamp forest was dark in color due to its organic content and low in dissolved oxygen, ph, e. Yeasts diversity of kuan kreng kk and rayong botanical garden rbg psf, which are two secondary psf in southern and in eastern thailand, respectively, were investigated. Gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, orangutans, and of course, humans, inhabit and rely on swamp forest habitat in indonesia and africa. Owing to the huge soil carbon stock and high groundwater level gwl, tropical peatlands potentially represent a significant source of methane ch4 to the atmosphere. Pdf the visual uniformity of tropical peat swamp forest masks the considerable variation in forest structure that has evolved in response to. Carbon dioxide and methane emissions from peat soil in an.
Carbon dioxide and methane emissions from peat soil in an undrained tropical peat swamp forest article pdf available in ecosystems april 2019 with 415 reads how we measure reads. Six forest communities that have a distinct structure, physiognomy, and flora are discernible anderson 1983. In total, 60 primate and 20 felid taxa are reported from peat swamp forests and mangroves of asia and africa. The peat swamp follows a dome shape, with mixed swamp forest at the outer zone, a low pole forest more interiorly and a tall interior. Research article vegetation correlates of gibbon density. Gibbon locomotion in disturbed peatswamp forest, sebangau, central kalimantan by claire j. Peat swamp forest project peat swamp forest project initiated by the msian govt and undpgef in 1999, the fiveyear project started in june 2002. Little is known about many of these taxa in sebangau and peat swamp forests elsewhere. A vast area of peatlands in the swamp forests of the congo basin, known as the cuvette centrale peatlands, has just been mapped for the first time and shown to be the largest in all of the tropics. Willis1,2,4,5 1oxford longterm ecology laboratory, department of zoology, university of oxford, south parks road, oxford ox1. Peat swamp forests are forest wetlands in tropical and subtropical areas.
Giam siak kecilbukit batu biosphere reserve, riau, east sumatra, indonesia. Yeast communities of secondary peat swamp forests in. Likewise, the forest becomes smaller with an even canopy, moving from the edges to the center. Peat swamp forests encompass a sequence of forest types distributed from the perimeter to the center of each swamp. In addition to the carbon currently stored in a tropical peat swamp forest, one hectare of healthy peatland sequesters an additional 0. The annual ch 4 budget in the studied tropical peat swamp forest 0. The southeast pahang peat swamp forest seppsf, located at pahang state is the largest peat swamp forest cover in peninsular malaysia and is believed to be the mainland asias largest and intact peat swamp forest. Daily mean soil co2 flux was increased by lowering groundwater level gwl, which indicates. Pdf carbon dioxide and methane emissions from peat soil. The jelutong latex provides material for the production of rubber, cover of cable.
Habitat evolution of a peat swamp forest and belowground. Pdf interdependence of peat and vegetation in a tropical peat. Conservation and sustainable use of tropical peat swamp. Of the six sites surveyed, three were located in regenerating or selectively logged areas and contained a higher proportion of forestdependent species of birds than the other three, which had been extensively cleared by logging and for agriculture. The forest resources are intensively exploited manually by artisanal loggers and hunters, and on a large industrial scale in states like ondo, edo, delta, bayelsa, rivers, and cross river. Biodiversity of the sebangau tropical peat swamp forest, indonesian. The coastal forests are diverse, including moist lowland forest, freshwater swamp forest, mangrove zone, etc. The edges of peat swamp forests are relatively nutrientrich, whereas the center is nutrientpoor whitten et al. Peat swamp forest supports a range of other rare and threatened species, and would appear to have high conservation value. Pdf greenhouse gas emissions resulting from conversion. It is the habitat and breeding ground for various species of aquatic animal and plant life. This study investigates the factors controlling the soil co2 and ch4 fluxes and quantifies annual cumulative soil respiration rs, heterotrophic respiration rh, and soil ch4 emission in an undrained forest on tropical peat by continuous measurement using an automated chamber system for 2 years. Boring surveys using a handoperated peat sampler for 32 sites and radiocarbon dating for 29 samples revealed that the peat swamp forest had begun formation by 6500 cal bp and expanded rapidly between 6500 and 5000 cal bp and.
A peat swamp forest is an extraordinary plant community with features which are different from other types of forests. The lowland forests cover approximately 118,300 km2 of the eastern part of the island. Tropical peat swamp forest is a unique ecosystem that is most extensive in southeast asia, where it is under enormous threat from logging, fire, and land. Yeasts were isolated from soil and peat soil by the dilution plate and enrichment techniques. Habitat evolution of a peat swamp forest and belowground carbon storage was examined in a coastal lowland along the eastern coast of central sumatra, indonesia. Biodiversity and conservation of tropical peat swamp forests. The avifauna of the north selangor peatswamp forest, west. They are made up of trees which are broadleaved not conifers, and many other types of flowering plants peat swamp forests are usually surrounded by lowland rain forests. A cameratrap survey of avifauna in a bornean peatswamp. Whereas borneo has up to six types of peat swamp forest, sumatra retains only two. He recorded six phasic plant communities in a mature peat swamp forest, which form concentric zones of plant communities that intergrade and then slowly replace each other from the perimeter to the centre of the swamp anderson, 1960. Edmunds college anatomy school cambridge university of cambridge. Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from conversion of peat. Many peat swamp forests have already been converted to new land uses including palm oil plantations, agriculture and housing.
Worlds largest tropical peatlands discovered in swamp. This project design document was prepared for the project rewetting of tropical peat swamp forest in sebangau national park. Floral composition and regeneration in the sabangau peat swamp. Laboratory for the study of peatswamp forest nlpsf, sabangau forest, a tropical peatswamp forest, may 2008 to december 2016. However, the contribution of peat swamp forests to c storage is.
This tree has a high economic value, because of wood and latex as well as leaves which can be used as medicine material wong, et al. It is a continuous and distinct change in forest structure and tree species composition. The normal diurnal pattern for water temperature was observed for the peat swamp forest drainage, but there was no clear diurnal pattern evident in the dissolved oxygen data. It is a fishing ground, a source of fuel wood and performs vital ecological functions like flood. This study aimed to assess the impact of disturbance on the species richness, abundance and community composition of carrionfeeding butterflies of tropical peatswamp forest, borneo, at both. Interdependence of peat and vegetation in a tropical peat swamp. We focus on an area labeled block c, which covers almost 450,000 ha, 90% of which is desig. Over time, this creates a thick layer of acidic peat. The spongy, unstable, waterlogged, anaerobic beds of peat can be up to 20 m deep with low ph ph 2. Pdf tropical peat swamp forest is a unique ecosystem that is most extensive in southeast asia, where it is under enormous threat from logging, fire. A comparison of satellite remote sensing data fusion. Pdf biodiversity and conservation of tropical peat swamp forests.
Paper open access mycorrhizal colonization of indigenous. Hill2, bambang hariyadi3, fahmuddin agus4, asmadi saad5, keith c. Disrupted carbonstorage peatswamp forests resulted in higher level of green house gases emissions. The region is in southern kalimantan, in the indonesian part of the island of borneo figure 1. Peat swamp and lowland forests of sumatra indonesia forest location and brief description with an area of some 470,000 km2, sumatra is indonesias largest island, and the worlds sixth largest, supporting 40 million people. Thus, forestry is an important economic activity in the area. Kartika3, jennifer lucey2, colin mcclean8, neneng laela nurida4, etty pratiwi4, lindsay c. The existence value of peat swamp forest in peninsular. We found that ch 4 fluxes had almost no effect on the global warming gas budget of the peat swamp forest, and values were only a few percent less than the co 2 fluxes at. Thompson this dissertation is submitted in partial fulfilment of the conditions for the degree of master of philosophy june 2007 wildlife research group st. Peat swamp forests figure 1 contain over 240 plant species with endemics such as. Biodiversity of the sebangau tropical peat swamp forest. The impact of disturbance on carrion and fruit feeding.
Waterlogged soil prevents dead leaves and wood from decomposing fully. Peatswamp forests have received little conservation interest in the past, as their richness in biodiversity is generally lower than other types of lowland. Results of multidisciplinary or landscape assessment. Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from conversion of peat swamp forest to oil palm plantation. Conversion of intact peat swamp forest to oil palm plantation. Forest resilience, tipping points and global change processes longterm disturbance dynamics and resilience of tropical peat swamp forests lydia e. Cover photo by kristell hergoualch fertilization in an oil palm plantation on peat in jambi, sumatra cifor jl. Peat swamp forest simple english wikipedia, the free. Strain dmkups111t was isolated from peat in a swamp forest in thailand. Conversion of tropical peat swamp forest to drainagebased agriculture alters greenhouse gas ghg production, but the magnitude of these changes remains highly uncertain. What makes psfs additionally distinctive, is that as the peat characteristics determines the tree species found depending on the depth of the peat, water level etc. Peat swamp forest are unusual ecosystems, with trees up to 70 m high vastly different from the peat lands of the north temperate and boreal zones which are dominated by sphagnum mosses, grasses, sedges and shrubs. Dna sequence analysis showed that it belonged to a novel species that was most closely related to nakazawaea laoshanensis. View peat swamp forest research papers on academia.
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