First of all, i am going to discuss about the construction of 3 phase induction motor and then i will throw some light on its working. An843, speed control of 3phase induction motor using. In this application note, we will generate a third pwm in software, using a general purpose timer and an io pin resource that are readily available on the picmicro microcontroller. Lamination is necessary since a voltage is induced along the axial length of the steel as well as in the stator conductors. A rotor and a stator are the two main components of single phase induction motor. On this topic, i will explain in details about 3 phase induction motor construction before we talked about parts of the electric motor generally but on this topic, we will go deep for 3 phase induction motor construction only. Construction of three phase induction motor like any electric motor, a 3phase induction motor has a stator and a rotor. The rotor is separated from the stator by a small airgap which ranges from 0. Learn what a three phase induction motor is, how it is constructed, and its working. The stator or the stationary part consists of three phase winding held in place in the slots of a laminated steel core which is enclosed and supported by a cast iron or a steel frame as shown in.
We also discuss the construction of a three phase motor including its. Applications also extend to commercial buildings and the domestic environment. Steps to draw the circle diagram are see the figure on next page. A single phase induction motor is inherently not selfstaring can be shown easily.
They run at a constant speed from noload to the full load. The stator threephase windings can also be connected in a delta configuration. Permanent magnet motors are suited for applications requiring high torque density. The conductors are heavy copper or aluminum bars fitted in each slot and shortcircuited by the end rings. Single phase induction motors generally have a construction similar to that of a three phase motor. Construction of 3 phase induction motor smile and learn. The significant difference is, ofcourse, that there is only a. Single phase induction motor the engineering projects.
Motor construction 16 rating plate 18 enclosure and cooling. A successful salesman for general electrics motor division once remarked to one of your instructors that, when asked by a customer how a motor. Turn on and reverse the direction of induction motor. Always the stator and rotor is separated with a small air gap ranging from 0. An electrical motor is a device that has brought about one of the biggest advancements in the fields of engineering and technology ever since the invention. The stampings are slotted in its periphery to carry the stator winding. Squirrel cage induction motors a stator construction. Watch this video to understand the working principals of the three phase induction motors. Introductionan induction motorim is a type ofasynchronous acmotor where power is supplied to therotating device bymeans ofelectromagneticinduction threephase induction motors 4. A 3 phase induction motor has two main parts i stator and ii rotor. A new approach is proposed to rerate the motor operating with voltage unbalance. The induction motor stator resembles the stator of a revolving field, three phase alternator.
Kanpur, india design of a three phase squirrel cage induction motor for electric propulsion system ravi prakash,mohammad junaidakhtar, r. We should know following for drawing the circle diagram. Construction a 3phase induction motor has two main parts i stator and ii rotor. This paper explores the construction process of a linear induction motor lim, the basic concepts behind key aspects of linear induction machines construction and the testing process of a working. Steady state modelling of induction motor operating with. So, first of all have a look at the functionality of stator of single phase induction motor. The laminations are insulated from each other usually by a varnish layer. Working principle of single phase induction motor and its. Principle of working in a threephase induction motor, the stator is wound with a threephase winding for p number of poles.
The singlephase motor stator has a laminated iron core with two windings arranged perpendicularly. These motors are squirrel and slipring type induction motors. These stator and rotors are made up of highmagnetic core materials with less hysteresis and eddy current losses. A nonprofit coalition of utilities, public interest groups and government officials. The stator frame consists of laminations of silicon steel, usually with a thickness of about 0. The basic construction of single phase induction motor is similar to all other motors. Almost 80% of the mechanical power used by industries is provided by three phase induction motors because of its simple and rugged construction, low cost, good operating characteristics, absence of commutator and good speed regulation. Theory and analysis of three phase induction motor using. Construction of three phase induction motor electrical4u. Short circuit current and short circuit power factor. Basic construction of 3phase ac induction motors you.
An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. Some singlephase splitphase motors that are designed for specific applications may have the connection between the primary winding and the start circuit. The stator copper losses are 2 kw, and the rotor copper losses are 700 w. Types and construction of three phase induction motor. Parida department of electrical engineering national institute of technology, silchar,assam, india email. Mostafa elshahed objectives learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction. Efficiency classes of singlespeed threephase cage induction motors. The stator has a laminated type of construction made up of stampings which are 0. The applications for these motors cover almost every stage of manufacturing and processing. Induction motor fault heading fault causes remedies induction motor a no supply voltage b driven equipment jam c motor shaft jammed. Nevertheless, the 3phase induction motors are simple, rugged, lowpriced, easy to maintain and can be manufactured with characteristics to suit most industrial requirements.
These are also called as asynchronous motors because an. Induction motors are the most commonly used motors in many applications. To this end, it will be assumed that the motor is a balanced three phase wye connected load and that you will therefore need to measure only one lineneutral voltage, only one line current, and only one phase power to characterize p in completely. Construction of three phase induction motor consist of 2 important parts namely stator and rotor. The three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor. We will have a look at both stator and rotor one by one below. Be careful it can hurt to tangle with a threephase motor. The stream of learning covers the basic understanding of d. Single phase induction motor speed control this project is designed to control the speed of a singlephase induction motor by using operating knob. Abnormal operation, three phase induction motors, rerating, steady state analysis. The friction and windage losses are 600 w, the core losses are 1800 w, and the stray losses are negligible.
Not all motors are alike, and the different types have different applications and. Slip rings are made of high quality phosphor bronze and are of molded construction. Because it is easy to use for large power motors and has relatively good efficiency, it is often. The major difference between them is that transformer is static in nature i. Pdf construction of three phase linear induction motor. The structure of a threephase induction motor is simple and sturdy. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain.
The topic lies under the basic electrical and electronics engineering course that. Twenty ways to optimize energy efficiency in the use of induction. When three phase supply is given to the stator winding, a rotating magnetic field of constant magnetic field is produced. Although single phase induction motor is more simple in construction and is cheaper than a 3phase induction motor of the same frame size, it is less efficient and it operates at lower power factor. Threephase induction motor protection systems and its.
A complete description of threephase induction motor and details of each. Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of induction motor application comparision between 1ph i. Threephase squirrelcage induction motors are widely used as industrial drives because they are selfstarting, reliable and economical. Lecture 6 three phase induction motors cairo university. C circuits, generators and motors, bipolar and field junction.
Basic construction of 3phase ac induction motors you should know photo credit. Electric motors and variable frequency drives vfd bc hydro. Toshiba mitsubishielectric industrial systems corporation tmeic. The three phase induction motor is the most widely popular used electrical motor. Third international conference on advances in control and optimization of dynamical systems march 15, 2014. Ppt induction motor powerpoint presentation free to. The general electric company ge began developing threephase induction motors in 1891. Use the three phase induction motor with plc for any application. Its very simple and interesting, but its not all we will get more by knowing the types of a single phase induction motor, their usage, and importance. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type. The motor is supplied by balanced threephase voltage at the terminals.
Induction motor works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Electric motor electric motor construction of induction motors. Squirrel cage induction motor and wound rotor induction motor based on the construction of rotor. Three phase induction motors are further divided into two types. Design of a three phase squirrel cage induction motor for. Almost 80% of the mechanical power used by industries is provided. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor. Ppt single phase induction powerpoint presentation. Pwms, one less than the three required to control a 3phase induction motor. A 3 phase induction motor can be used for different applications with various speed and load requirements.
The poles for which the winding is made could be 2, 4, 6, 8, etc. Differentiate between the various types of generating electric power stations. Eee page 6 where f is the supply frequency and p is the no. A 480v, 60 hz, 50hp, three phase induction motor is drawing 60 a at 0. Working principle of 3 phase induction motor youtube. The stator carries a 3phase winding called stator winding while the rotor carries a shortcircuited winding called rotor winding. The rotor of three phase induction motor consists of a cylindrical laminated core with parallel slots that can carry conductors.
Construction of three phase induction motor my tech info. There are a lot of applications of 3 phase induction motor, to name a few 1. Construction of three phase induction motor basic electrical. Historythe induction motor with a wrapped rotor wasinvented by nikola tesla in. A simple explanation of how a 3 phase induction motor works. The rotor which is placed inside the stator is either squirrelcage type or slipring type.
Speed torque characteristics of 3 phase induction motor duration. Thus from the working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor speed should not reach the synchronous speed produced by the stator. In this chapter, we shall focus our attention on the general principles of 3phase induction motors. This application note also covers the basics of induction motors and. List and describe the more commonly used equipment in an electric substation. Single phase induction motor the singlephase induction machine is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth. Three phase induction motor construction construction of. Almost 80% of the mechanical power used by industries is provided by three phase induction motors because of its simple and rugged construction, low cost, good operating characteristics, the absence of commutator and good speed regulation.
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